Oral Contraception and Micronutrient Depletion – What is the Connection?

Oral contraceptives (OCs) are widely used by women, and research has examined their impact on health and nutritional needs. Numerous studies suggest that women on OCs may have different requirements for certain vitamins and minerals, including folic acid, vitamins B2, B6, B12, C, E, and the minerals magnesium, selenium, and zinc. Micronutrient deficiency due to OC use issue is clinically significant and deserves attention. Since women on OCs may not always maintain a balanced diet or may experience malabsorption, clinicians should consider dietary supplements as a primary strategy to prevent nutrient deficiencies in this population.1

Let’s explore how OC use impacts different micronutrients in the body.

Most oral contraceptive side effects are mild and resolve with continued use or switching formulations. Common issues include breakthrough bleeding, nausea, headaches, and decreased libido. Serious risks, such as VTE, hypertension, and stroke, increase with high estrogen doses and pre-existing conditions. Regular monitoring and caution with drug interactions, such as with antiseizure medications, are essential. Combined and progestogen-only OCs do not protect against STIs.2